33 Fun Facts About Costa Rica

Costa Rica, a small Central American country nestled between Nicaragua and Panama, is a land of breathtaking beauty, rich biodiversity, and a unique culture that captivates visitors from around the world.

From its lush rainforests to its pristine beaches, from its vibrant cities to its laid-back rural areas, Costa Rica offers a wealth of experiences and surprises.

In this article, we’ll explore 33 fascinating facts about this remarkable country, giving you a glimpse into what makes Costa Rica truly special.

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Geography and Nature: A Biodiversity Hotspot

Costa Rica’s natural wonders are at the heart of its appeal. Let’s dive into some amazing facts about the country’s geography and biodiversity.

1. A Biodiversity Powerhouse

Despite its small size, Costa Rica is home to about 5% of the world’s biodiversity. This is even more impressive when you consider that the country covers only 0.03% of the Earth’s landmass. This incredible concentration of flora and fauna makes Costa Rica a paradise for nature lovers and researchers alike.

The country’s diverse ecosystems, ranging from tropical rainforests to cloud forests, from mangrove swamps to coral reefs, provide habitats for an astonishing variety of species. You can find everything from tiny, colorful poison dart frogs to majestic jaguars, from slow-moving sloths to fast-flying hummingbirds.

2. Commitment to Conservation

Costa Rica takes its natural heritage seriously. Over 25% of the country’s land is protected, including 30 national parks. This commitment to conservation has made Costa Rica a leader in sustainable tourism and environmental protection.

These protected areas not only preserve the country’s biodiversity but also provide opportunities for visitors to experience nature up close. Whether you’re hiking through the misty trails of Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve or observing nesting sea turtles on the beaches of Tortuguero National Park, you’re witnessing the results of Costa Rica’s dedication to preserving its natural wonders.

3. More Ocean Than Land

Here’s a surprising fact: Costa Rica has more ocean than land. The country’s land area is about 51,100 km², but its ocean territory is a whopping 574,725 km². This vast marine area is home to an incredible diversity of sea life, including whales, dolphins, and countless species of fish and coral.

The country’s extensive coastlines along both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea offer a variety of beach experiences, from the surf-friendly shores of Guanacaste to the laid-back Caribbean vibes of Puerto Viejo.

4. Land of Volcanoes

Costa Rica is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, and it shows. The country has over 121 volcanic formations, including several active volcanoes. These geological wonders have shaped the landscape and continue to influence life in Costa Rica.

One of the most famous is Arenal Volcano, which until 2010 was one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Today, while it’s in a resting phase, the area around Arenal remains a popular tourist destination, known for its hot springs and outdoor activities.

5. The Incredible Osa Peninsula

The Osa Peninsula, located in southwestern Costa Rica, is considered one of the most biodiverse places on Earth. This remote peninsula is home to Corcovado National Park, which National Geographic has called “the most biologically intense place on Earth in terms of biodiversity.”

The peninsula hosts an incredible variety of wildlife, including jaguars, tapirs, scarlet macaws, and four species of monkeys. It’s a must-visit destination for nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers.

6. The Curious Case of Walking Trees

In Costa Rica’s rainforests, you might come across a peculiar sight: trees that appear to be “walking.” These so-called walking trees, or Socratea exorrhiza, can move up to 20 meters a year thanks to their unique root system.

These trees grow new roots on one side while allowing old roots on the opposite side to die, effectively “walking” towards areas with better sunlight or soil conditions. It’s a fascinating example of plant adaptation in the competitive rainforest environment.

7. Soothing Hot Springs

Thanks to its volcanic activity, Costa Rica is blessed with numerous natural hot springs. These geothermal pools, particularly abundant around the Arenal Volcano, offer visitors a chance to relax and rejuvenate in mineral-rich waters.

Many resorts and spas have been built around these hot springs, offering a perfect blend of natural wonder and luxury. Soaking in these warm waters while surrounded by lush tropical forests is an experience unique to Costa Rica.

8. A Wildlife Wonderland

Costa Rica’s diverse ecosystems support an incredible array of wildlife. The country is home to over 500,000 species, including:

More than 200 species of mammals
Over 800 species of birds
About 200 species of reptiles
Nearly 200 species of amphibians
Over 52 species of hummingbirds alone!

From the iconic red-eyed tree frog to the elusive jaguar, from playful capuchin monkeys to gentle manatees, Costa Rica offers wildlife enthusiasts endless opportunities for observation and photography.

Culture and Society: The Heart of Pura Vida

Costa Rica’s natural beauty is matched by the warmth and richness of its culture. Let’s explore some fascinating aspects of Costa Rican society.

9. The Philosophy of Pura Vida

“Pura Vida” is more than just a greeting in Costa Rica; it’s a way of life. Literally translating to “pure life,” this phrase encapsulates the Costa Rican approach to living: simple, optimistic, and appreciative of life’s pleasures.

You’ll hear “Pura Vida” used as a greeting, a farewell, a way to say “thank you,” or even as a response to “How are you?” It reflects the laid-back, friendly attitude that Costa Ricans are known for.

10. The Friendly Ticos

Costa Ricans, affectionately known as “Ticos” (male) or “Ticas” (female), are renowned for their friendly and polite demeanor. Visitors often remark on the warmth and hospitality they experience throughout the country.

This friendliness is deeply ingrained in Costa Rican culture. It’s common for Ticos to greet strangers on the street, engage in friendly conversation, and go out of their way to help visitors feel welcome.

11. Vibrant Festivals

Costa Rica’s calendar is dotted with colorful festivals and celebrations. One of the most spectacular is the Festival de la Luz (Festival of Light) in San José, which takes place in December.

During this event, the capital city comes alive with a dazzling parade of lights, featuring elaborately decorated floats, marching bands, and dancers in vibrant costumes. It’s a magical experience that showcases the joy and creativity of Costa Rican culture.

12. The National Bird

The clay-colored robin, known locally as the yigüirro, holds a special place in Costa Rican hearts as the national bird. This unassuming brown bird might not be as flashy as some of its tropical counterparts, but it’s beloved for its beautiful song.

The yigüirro’s melodious call is said to herald the coming of the rainy season, making it an important part of Costa Rican folklore and agricultural traditions.

13. A Melting Pot of Cultures

Costa Rican culture is a rich tapestry woven from various influences. The country’s heritage blends indigenous traditions, Spanish colonial history, and Afro-Caribbean influences, particularly in the coastal regions.

This cultural diversity is reflected in Costa Rica’s music, dance, cuisine, and festivals. From the indigenous-inspired crafts of Boruca to the Caribbean-influenced cuisine of Limón, Costa Rica offers a wealth of cultural experiences.

14. The Tico Way with Words

Costa Ricans have a charming linguistic quirk: they love to use diminutives, often adding “tico” or “tica” to the end of words as a term of endearment. For example, “chiquitico” means “very small,” but it’s said with affection.

This use of diminutives extends to people’s names as well. Don’t be surprised if you hear names like Juanita instead of Juana, or Carlitos instead of Carlos. It’s all part of the warm, friendly Tico culture.

Economy and Agriculture: From Coffee to Ecotourism

Costa Rica’s economy has evolved significantly over the years, but agriculture and tourism remain key pillars. Let’s look at some interesting facts about the country’s economic landscape.

15. An Agricultural Powerhouse

While tourism has become a major economic driver, Costa Rica remains largely agricultural at heart. The country is known for producing high-quality coffee, cacao, pineapples, and bananas.

These agricultural products not only contribute significantly to the economy but also shape the country’s landscape and culture. Driving through Costa Rica, you’ll see vast plantations of bananas in the lowlands and picturesque coffee farms in the highlands.

16. World-Renowned Coffee

Costa Rica’s coffee is famous worldwide for its high quality. The country’s ideal growing conditions, including rich volcanic soil and high altitudes, produce beans with a complex, well-balanced flavor profile.

Coffee has played a crucial role in Costa Rica’s history and development. Before tourism took over as the primary economic driver, coffee was the country’s main export. Today, a visit to a Costa Rican coffee farm is a popular tourist activity, offering insights into the country’s coffee culture and production methods.

17. The National Dish: Gallo Pinto

No discussion of Costa Rican culture would be complete without mentioning gallo pinto. This simple yet delicious dish of rice and beans is a staple of Costa Rican cuisine, particularly for breakfast.

Each family has its own recipe for gallo pinto, but it typically includes rice, beans, onions, peppers, and cilantro, often seasoned with Salsa Lizano, a popular Costa Rican condiment. It’s a hearty, flavorful dish that reflects the country’s agricultural roots.

18. The Rise of Ecotourism

Tourism has become a cornerstone of Costa Rica’s economy, with the country positioning itself as a premier ecotourism destination. Millions of visitors flock to Costa Rica each year, drawn by its natural beauty, biodiversity, and commitment to sustainable tourism.

The country’s network of national parks, wildlife refuges, and private reserves offers countless opportunities for nature-based activities, from hiking and birdwatching to surfing and zip-lining. This focus on ecotourism not only boosts the economy but also supports conservation efforts.

Government and Education: Investing in People and Peace

Costa Rica stands out in Central America for its stable democracy and commitment to education. Let’s explore some interesting facts about the country’s approach to governance and learning.

19. A Nation Without an Army

In a bold move that has defined its national identity, Costa Rica abolished its military in 1949. This decision allowed the country to redirect resources towards education, healthcare, and social services.

Costa Rica’s commitment to peace is enshrined in its constitution and has earned the country international recognition. The country is home to the United Nations-mandated University for Peace and has played an active role in promoting peace and democracy in the region.

20. A High Literacy Rate

Costa Rica boasts a literacy rate of around 96%, one of the highest in Latin America. This achievement is a testament to the country’s long-standing commitment to education.

The government allocates a significant portion of its budget to education, ensuring that even in rural areas, children have access to schools. This focus on education has contributed to Costa Rica’s relatively high standard of living and stable democracy.

21. Investing in Education

Costa Rica’s commitment to education goes beyond basic literacy. The country invests heavily in its educational system, from primary schools to universities.

This investment has paid off in various ways. Costa Rica has become a hub for technology and services in Central America, attracting international companies with its well-educated workforce. The country’s emphasis on environmental education has also contributed to its leadership in conservation and sustainable development.

Fun Facts and Trivia: Quirks and Curiosities

To round off our exploration of Costa Rica, let’s look at some fun facts and trivia that showcase the country’s unique character.

22. Full-Service Gas Stations

In Costa Rica, you don’t pump your own gas. All gas stations are full-service, with attendants who fill your tank for you. This practice, similar to what you might find in Oregon or New Jersey in the U.S., adds a touch of old-fashioned service to the driving experience in Costa Rica.

23. Colorful Currency

Costa Rica’s currency, the colón, is known for its vibrant, colorful bills. Each denomination features a different color scheme and showcases various aspects of Costa Rican wildlife and culture.

The bills are made of plastic, making them more durable and resistant to the country’s humid climate. As of 2024, the exchange rate is roughly 500 colones to one U.S. dollar.

24. The Capital in the Valley

San José, Costa Rica’s capital and largest city, is nestled in the Central Valley, surrounded by mountains and volcanoes. This location gives the city a pleasant, spring-like climate year-round, with average temperatures ranging from 18°C to 26°C (64°F to 79°F).

Despite being the country’s urban center, San José maintains a relaxed atmosphere and serves as a great base for exploring the rest of the country.

25. Seven Diverse Provinces

Costa Rica is divided into seven provinces, each with its own unique character:

Guanacaste: Known for its beautiful beaches and cowboy culture
Alajuela: Home to the Arenal Volcano and many coffee plantations
Heredia: Features cloud forests and the charming town of Puerto Viejo de Sarapiquí
Cartago: The old colonial capital, known for its historic sites
Limón: Offers Caribbean culture and important sea turtle nesting sites
San José: The bustling capital region
Puntarenas: Stretches along much of the Pacific coast, including the Osa Peninsula

26. Living with Earthquakes

Due to its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Costa Rica experiences frequent earthquakes. However, most are small tremors that often go unnoticed by residents.

The country has strict building codes to ensure structures can withstand seismic activity, and Ticos generally take earthquakes in stride as a normal part of life in their geologically active country.

27. Soccer Fever

Like many Latin American countries, Costa Rica is passionate about soccer (or fútbol, as it’s called locally). The national team, affectionately known as “Los Ticos,” has represented the country proudly in several World Cup tournaments.

Soccer is more than just a sport in Costa Rica; it’s a source of national pride and a common topic of conversation. You’ll find soccer fields (often called canchas) in nearly every town, no matter how small.

28. Coconut Water as Emergency Plasma

Here’s an interesting tidbit: the liquid inside a fresh coconut is said to be pure and sterile enough to be used as a substitute for blood plasma in emergencies. While this isn’t a common medical practice, it speaks to the purity of Costa Rica’s natural resources.

Coconut water is a popular refreshment in Costa Rica, especially in coastal areas. It’s not uncommon to see vendors selling fresh coconuts, ready to be opened with a machete for a refreshing drink.

29. Navigating by Bus

Public buses are a common and affordable way to get around in Costa Rica. The bus system connects most towns and cities, offering a chance to travel like a local and enjoy scenic routes through the country.

However, be prepared for an adventure. Costa Rican roads can be challenging, with winding mountain passes and occasional potholes. The upside? You’ll get to experience breathtaking views and possibly spot some wildlife along the way.

30. National Symbols

Costa Rica has several national symbols that reflect its natural heritage:

The national tree is the Guanacaste, a large, umbrella-shaped tree that provides shade for cattle in the hot plains of Guanacaste province.
While not an official national symbol, the Blue Morpho butterfly is often associated with Costa Rica. Its iridescent blue wings are a common sight in the country’s forests.

31. A Rich Rain Vocabulary

Given Costa Rica’s tropical climate, it’s no surprise that locals have developed a rich vocabulary to describe different types of rain. From a light “pelo de gato” (cat’s hair) to a heavy “aguacero” (downpour), Ticos have a word for every variation of rainfall.

This linguistic diversity reflects the importance of rain in Costa Rican life, from its impact on agriculture to its role in shaping the lush landscapes that define the country.

2. Longevity in the Blue Zone

Costa Ricans enjoy a high life expectancy of nearly 80 years, one of the highest in the Americas. The Nicoya Peninsula in Guanacaste province is particularly notable, recognized as one of the world’s “Blue Zones” – areas where people live significantly longer than average.

This longevity is attributed to several factors, including:

A diet rich in fresh, local produce
Strong social connections and family ties
Regular physical activity as part of daily life
A sense of purpose and a positive outlook (that “Pura Vida” philosophy in action!)

The Nicoya Peninsula has become a subject of study for researchers interested in the secrets of long, healthy lives.

33. Eco-Friendly Ambitions

Costa Rica has set ambitious goals for environmental protection and sustainability. The country aims to become carbon neutral, with plans to phase out fossil fuels and rely entirely on renewable energy sources.

In 2021, Costa Rica received the Earthshot Prize for its efforts to protect and restore nature. The country’s payment for environmental services (PES) program, which pays farmers to preserve forests, has been particularly successful in combating deforestation.

These eco-friendly initiatives not only benefit the environment but also support Costa Rica’s image as a leader in sustainable development and eco-tourism.